树莓派之Zero-W-01

WiFi 相关

iwlist 命令

---

iwlist 命令：用于对/proc/net/wireless文件进行分析，得出无线网卡相关信息

热点扫描

 sudo iwlist wlan0 scan

pi@raspberrypi:~$ sudo iwlist --help
Usage: iwlist [interface] scanning [essid NNN] [last]
              [interface] frequency
              [interface] channel
              [interface] bitrate
              [interface] rate
              [interface] encryption
              [interface] keys
              [interface] power
              [interface] txpower
              [interface] retry
              [interface] ap
              [interface] accesspoints
              [interface] peers
              [interface] event
              [interface] auth
              [interface] wpakeys
              [interface] genie
              [interface] modulation

解说

# iwlist wlan0 scanning   搜索当前无线网络
# iwlist wlan0 frequency  显示频道信息
# iwlist wlan0 rate       显示连接速度
# iwlist wlan0 power      显示电源模式
# iwlist wlan0 txpower    显示功耗
# iwlist wlan0 retry      显示重试连接次数(网络不稳定查看)
# iwlist wlan0 ap         显示热点信息
# iwlist --help           显示帮助信息
# iwlist --version        显示版本信息

iwconfig 命令

---

iwconfig 系统配置无线网络设备或显示无线网络设备信息。iwconfig 命令类似于ifconfig命令，但是他配置对象是无线网卡，它对网络设备进行无线操作，如设置无线通信频段

pi@raspberrypi:~$ iwconfig --help
Usage: iwconfig [interface]
                interface essid {NNN|any|on|off}
                interface mode {managed|ad-hoc|master|...}
                interface freq N.NNN[k|M|G]
                interface channel N
                interface bit {N[k|M|G]|auto|fixed}
                interface rate {N[k|M|G]|auto|fixed}
                interface enc {NNNN-NNNN|off}
                interface key {NNNN-NNNN|off}
                interface power {period N|timeout N|saving N|off}
                interface nickname NNN
                interface nwid {NN|on|off}
                interface ap {N|off|auto}
                interface txpower {NmW|NdBm|off|auto}
                interface sens N
                interface retry {limit N|lifetime N}
                interface rts {N|auto|fixed|off}
                interface frag {N|auto|fixed|off}
                interface modulation {11g|11a|CCK|OFDMg|...}
                interface commit
       Check man pages for more details.

解说

auto        自动模式
essid       设置ESSID
nwid        设置网络ID
freq        设置无线网络通信频段
channel     设置无线网络通信频段
sens        设置无线网络设备的感知阀值
mode        设置无线网络设备的通信设备
ap          强迫无线网卡向给定地址的接入点注册
nick<名字>   为网卡设定别名
rate<速率>   设定无线网卡的速率
rts<阀值>    在传输数据包之前增加一次握手，确信信道在正常的
power       无线网卡的功率设置

iw 命令

---

iw 是一种新的基于 nl80211 的用于无线设备的CLI配置实用程序。它支持最近已添加到内核所有新的驱动程序。采用无线扩展接口的旧工具iwconfig已被废弃，强烈建议切换到 iw 和 nl80211。

pi@raspberrypi:~$ iw --help
Usage:  iw [options] command
Options:
        --debug         enable netlink debugging
        --version       show version (4.9)
Commands:
        help [command]
                Print usage for all or a specific command, e.g.
                "help wowlan" or "help wowlan enable".

        event [-t|-r] [-f]
                Monitor events from the kernel.
                -t - print timestamp
                -r - print relative timstamp
                -f - print full frame for auth/assoc etc.

        features


        commands
                list all known commands and their decimal & hex value

        phy
        list
                List all wireless devices and their capabilities.

        phy  info
                Show capabilities for the specified wireless device.

        phy  channels
                Show available channels.

        dev
                List all network interfaces for wireless hardware.

        dev  info
                Show information for this interface.

        dev  del
                Remove this virtual interface

        dev  interface add  type  [mesh_id ] [4addr on|off] [flags *] [addr ]
        phy  interface add  type  [mesh_id ] [4addr on|off] [flags *] [addr ]
                Add a new virtual interface with the given configuration.
                Valid interface types are: managed, ibss, monitor, mesh, wds.

                The flags are only used for monitor interfaces, valid flags are:
                none:     no special flags
                fcsfail:  show frames with FCS errors
                control:  show control frames
                otherbss: show frames from other BSSes
                cook:     use cooked mode
                active:   use active mode (ACK incoming unicast packets)
                mumimo-groupid : use MUMIMO according to a group id
                mumimo-follow-mac : use MUMIMO according to a MAC address

                The mesh_id is used only for mesh mode.

        dev  ibss join   [NOHT|HT20|HT40+|HT40-|5MHz|10MHz|80MHz] [fixed-freq] [] [beacon-interval ] [basic-rates ] [mcast-rate ] [key d:0:abcde]
                Join the IBSS cell with the given SSID, if it doesn't exist create
                it on the given frequency. When fixed frequency is requested, don't
                join/create a cell on a different frequency. When a fixed BSSID is
                requested use that BSSID and do not adopt another cell's BSSID even
                if it has higher TSF and the same SSID. If an IBSS is created, create
                it with the specified basic-rates, multicast-rate and beacon-interval.

        dev  ibss leave
                Leave the current IBSS cell.

        dev  station set  plink_action 
                Set mesh peer link action for this station (peer).

        dev  station set  vlan 
                Set an AP VLAN for this station.

        dev  station set  mesh_power_mode 
                Set link-specific mesh power mode for this station

        dev  station dump [-v]
                List all stations known, e.g. the AP on managed interfaces

        dev  station del  [subtype ] [reason-code ]
                Remove the given station entry (use with caution!)
                Example subtype values: 0xA (disassociation), 0xC (deauthentication)

        dev  station get 
                Get information for a specific station.

        dev  survey dump
                List all gathered channel survey data

        dev  ocb leave
                Leave the OCB mode network.

        dev  ocb join  <5MHz|10MHz>
                Join the OCB mode network.

        dev  mesh leave
                Leave a mesh.

        dev  mesh join  [[freq  ] [basic-rates ]], [mcast-rate ] [beacon-interval ] [dtim-period ] [vendor_sync on|off] [=]*
                Join a mesh with the given mesh ID with frequency, basic-rates,
                mcast-rate and mesh parameters. Basic-rates are applied only if
                frequency is provided.

        dev  mpath dump
                List known mesh paths.

        dev  mpath set  next_hop 
                Set an existing mesh path's next hop.

        dev  mpath new  next_hop 
                Create a new mesh path (instead of relying on automatic discovery).

        dev  mpath del 
                Remove the mesh path to the given node.

        dev  mpath get 
                Get information on mesh path to the given node.

        dev  mpp dump
                List known mesh proxy paths.

        dev  mpp get 
                Get information on mesh proxy path to the given node.

        dev  scan [-u] [freq *] [ies ] [meshid ] [lowpri,flush,ap-force] [randomise[=/]] [ssid *|passive]
                Scan on the given frequencies and probe for the given SSIDs
                (or wildcard if not given) unless passive scanning is requested.
                If -u is specified print unknown data in the scan results.
                Specified (vendor) IEs must be well-formed.

        dev  scan sched_stop
                Stop an ongoing scheduled scan.

        dev  scan sched_start [interval  | scan_plans [*] ] [delay ] [freqs +] [matches [ssid ]+]] [active [ssid ]+|passive] [randomise[=/]]
                Start a scheduled scan at the specified interval on the given frequencies
                with probing for the given SSIDs (or wildcard if not given) unless passive
                scanning is requested.  If matches are specified, only matching results
                will be returned.

        dev  scan abort
                Abort ongoing scan

        dev  scan trigger [freq *] [ies ] [meshid ] [lowpri,flush,ap-force] [randomise[=/]] [ssid *|passive]
                Trigger a scan on the given frequencies with probing for the given
                SSIDs (or wildcard if not given) unless passive scanning is requested.

        dev  scan dump [-u]
                Dump the current scan results. If -u is specified, print unknown
                data in scan results.

        phy  reg get
                Print out the devices' current regulatory domain information.

        reg get
                Print out the kernel's current regulatory domain information.

        reg set 
                Notify the kernel about the current regulatory domain.

        dev  auth     [key 0:abcde d:1:6162636465]
                Authenticate with the given network.


        dev  connect [-w]  [] [] [key 0:abcde d:1:6162636465]
                Join the network with the given SSID (and frequency, BSSID).
                With -w, wait for the connect to finish or fail.

        dev  disconnect
                Disconnect from the current network.

        dev  link
                Print information about the current link, if any.

        dev  offchannel  
                Leave operating channel and go to the given channel for a while.

        dev  cqm rssi  []
                Set connection quality monitor RSSI threshold.


        phy  wowlan show
                Show WoWLAN status.

        phy  wowlan disable
                Disable WoWLAN.

        phy  wowlan enable [any] [disconnect] [magic-packet] [gtk-rekey-failure] [eap-identity-request] [4way-handshake] [rfkill-release] [net-detect [interval  | scan_plans [*] ] [delay ] [freqs +] [matches [ssid ]+]] [active [ssid ]+|passive] [randomise[=/]]] [tcp ] [patterns [offset1+] ...]
                Enable WoWLAN with the given triggers.
                Each pattern is given as a bytestring with '-' in places where any byte
                may be present, e.g. 00:11:22:-:44 will match 00:11:22:33:44 and
                00:11:22:33:ff:44 etc.
                Offset and pattern should be separated by '+', e.g. 18+43:34:00:12 will match '43:34:00:12' after 18 bytes of offset in Rx packet.

                The TCP configuration file contains:
                  source=ip[:port]
                  dest=ip:port@mac
                  data=
                  data.interval=seconds
                  [wake=]
                  [data.seq=len,offset[,start]]
                  [data.tok=len,offset,]

                Net-detect configuration example:
                 iw phy0 wowlan enable net-detect interval 5000 delay 30 freqs 2412 2422 matches ssid foo ssid bar

        phy  coalesce show
                Show coalesce status.

        phy  coalesce disable
                Disable coalesce.

        phy  coalesce enable 
                Enable coalesce with given configuration.
                The configuration file contains coalesce rules:
                  delay=
                  condition=
                  patterns=<[offset1+],<[offset2+],...>
                  delay=
                  condition=
                  patterns=<[offset1+],<[offset2+],...>
                  ...
                delay: maximum coalescing delay in msec.
                condition: 1/0 i.e. 'not match'/'match' the patterns
                patterns: each pattern is given as a bytestring with '-' in
                places where any byte may be present, e.g. 00:11:22:-:44 will
                match 00:11:22:33:44 and 00:11:22:33:ff:44 etc. Offset and
                pattern should be separated by '+', e.g. 18+43:34:00:12 will
                match '43:34:00:12' after 18 bytes of offset in Rx packet.


        dev  roc start  


        wdev  p2p stop


        wdev  p2p start


        dev  vendor recvbin   


        dev  vendor recv   


        dev  vendor send   


        phy  set antenna  | all |  
                Set a bitmap of allowed antennas to use for TX and RX.
                The driver may reject antenna configurations it cannot support.

        dev  set txpower  []
                Specify transmit power level and setting type.

        phy  set txpower  []
                Specify transmit power level and setting type.

        phy  set distance 
                Enable ACK timeout estimation algorithm (dynack) or set appropriate
                coverage class for given link distance in meters.
                To disable dynack set valid value for coverage class.
                Valid values: 0 - 114750

        phy  set coverage 
                Set coverage class (1 for every 3 usec of air propagation time).
                Valid values: 0 - 255.

        phy  set netns {  | name  }
                Put this wireless device into a different network namespace:
                        - change network namespace by process id
                     - change network namespace by name from /run/netns
                               or by absolute path (man ip-netns)


        phy  set retry [short ] [long ]
                Set retry limit.

        phy  set rts 
                Set rts threshold.

        phy  set frag 
                Set fragmentation threshold.

        dev  set channel  [HT20|HT40+|HT40-]
        phy  set channel  [HT20|HT40+|HT40-]
        dev  set freq  [HT20|HT40+|HT40-]
        dev  set freq  [20|40|80|80+80|160] [] []
        phy  set freq  [HT20|HT40+|HT40-]
                Set frequency/channel the hardware is using, including HT
                configuration.

        phy  set name 
                Rename this wireless device.

        dev  set mcast_rate 
                Set the multicast bitrate.

        dev  set peer 
                Set interface WDS peer.

        dev  set noack_map 

解说

# iw list                 # 获得所有设备的功能，如带宽信息（2.4GHz，和5GHz），和802.11n的信息
# iw dev wlan0 scan       # 扫描
# iw event                # 监听事件
# iw dev wlan0 link       # 获得链路状态
# iw wlan0 connect foo    # 连接到已禁用加密的AP，这里它的SSID是foo
# iw wlan0 connect foo 2432  # 假设你有两个AP SSID 都是 foo ，你知道你要连接的是在 2432 频道
# iw wlan0 connect foo keys 0:abcde d:1:0011223344    # 连接到使用WEP的AP
# iw dev wlan1 station dump    # 获取station 的统计信息
# iw dev wlan1 station get     # 获得station对应的peer统计信息
# iw wlan0 set bitrates legacy-2.4 12 18 24    # 修改传输比特率
# iw dev wlan0 set bitrates mcs-5 4    # 修改tx HT MCS的比特率

WiFi 连接设置

---

方法一、 修改WiFi连接配置文件

• 修改 /etc/network/interfaces 文件(这个文件是定义网络配置的)

      sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

  修改后文件内容如下：

      auto lo
      iface lo inet loopback
      iface eth0 inet dhcp
  
      auto wlan0
      allow-hotplug wlan0
      iface wlan0 inet dhcp
      wpa-ssid "JoStudio"
      wpa-psk "password"

说明:
C auto lo //表示使用localhost iface eth0 inet dhcp //表示如果有网卡ech0, 则用dhcp获得IP地址 (这个网卡是本机的网卡，而不是WIFI网卡) auto wlan0 //表示如果有wlan设备，使用wlan0设备名 allow-hotplug wlan0 //表示wlan设备可以热插拨 iface wlan0 inet dhcp //表示如果有WLAN网卡wlan0 (就是WIFI网卡), 则用dhcp获得IP地址 wpa-ssid "JoStudio" //表示连接SSID名为 JoStudio的WIFI网络。 JoStudio是我的WIFI网SSID名称，如果是别的，请更改 wpa-psk "password" //表示连接WIFI网络时，使用wpa-psk认证方式，认证密码是password。如果是别的密码，请更改

　　>上述定义后，如果有网线连接，则采取DHCP自动连接。如果有名为JoStudio的WIFI网络，则自动连入，采取DHCP获得地址。

• 立即连接WIFI网络

　　使用命令
shell 　　 sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
　　成功后，用 ifconfig 命令可以看到 wlan0 设备，且有了IP地址(已连接)

• 以后每次启动，系统都将自动连接到名为JoStudio的WIFI网络

方法二、 wpa_cli命令

参考: http://shumeipai.nxez.com/2013/09/30/use-wpa-cli-command-line-to-configure-wi-fi-wireless-lan.html

wpa_cli是命令行界面下的无线网连接工具。
通过wpa_cli管理备选的网络列表。在备选网络中启用的网络，树莓派会自动试图连接。

1. 启动wpa_cli 命令界面

       sudo wpa_cli

2. 常用命令

---

命令	命令缩写	描述
status	stat	显示当前连接的状态信息
ping		测试指令，看service端是否有响应
mib		Request a list of MIB variables (dot1x, dot11).
interface		显示当前可用的interface，wpa_supplicant 支持多interface
set		设置环境变量，如果不带参数，显示当前环境变量
logon		IEEE 802.1X EAPOL state machine logon
logoff		IEEE 802.1X EAPOL state machine logff
reassociate	reas	设置连接标签，开启扫描，查找可用的AP进行连接，如果当前是连接状态，只会扫描一次。
preauthenticate	pr	针对一个AP进行预认证
identity	id	设置identity
password		设置密码
disconnect	disc	断开连接，并且会告知wpa_supplicant 不在连接其他AP
reconnect	reconn	重新连接，在运行上面的过程后，运行此命令
quit	q	exits wpa_cli
terminate	term	kills wpa_supplicant
reconfigure	recon	重新导入配置文件，可以在调试时，修改配置文件后运行此命令，使配置文件生效
scan	scan	扫描
scan_result	scan_r	显示扫描结果
bss		获取扫描结果 某一个热点的具体信息
list_networks	list_n	已经保存配置文件中的AP
bssid		配置ssid的bssid
add_network	add_n	添加一个AP配置，在framework还没调通之前，可以用此命令进行配置
set_network	set_n	设置ap的属性，用set_network 不接参数，可以看到所有可用信息。
select_network	select_n	选择一个已经配置的AP进行连接，这个命令用的比较多。上面set_n 命令进行配置后，可以用这命令进行连接
enable_network	enable_n	将network 的标志位:disable 置0，该位为1时，wifi在断开连接状态，不会去主动连接该热点。如果wifi不主动连接任何热点，可以查看配置文件。
disable_network	disable_n	对应上面 disable_network network_id
remove_network	remove_n	忘记网络 remove_network id 会删除对应network配置
get_network	get_n	获取network的属性 对应之前的set_network
wps_pbc		wps push button功能
wps_pin		Wps pin 功能
save_config	save_c	保存信息到配置文件中，每次修改配置后记得用

3. Example wpa_cli

   for AP that doesn`t have encryption
   >add_network      (It will display a network id for you, assume it returns 0)
   >set_network 0 ssid “666”
   >set_network 0 key_mgmt NONE
   >enable_network 0
   >quit
   
   if normal, we have connectted to the AP “666”, now you need a IP to access internet, for example:
   dhcpcd wlan0
   if everything is ok, it will get an IP & can access internet
   
   for AP that has WEP
   >add_network      (assume returns 1)
   >set_network 1 ssid “666”
   >set_network 1 key_mgmt NONE
   >set_network 1 wep_key0 “your ap passwork”(if usting ASCII, it need double quotation marks, if using hex, then don`t need the double quotation marks)
   >set_network 1 wep_tx_keyidx 0
   >select_network 1  (optional, remember, if you are connecting with another AP, you should select it to disable the another)
   >enable_network 1
   and then ,get an IP to access internet
   
   for AP that has WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
   >add_network      (assume returns 2)
   >set_network 2 ssid “666”
   >set_network 2 psk “your pre-shared key”
   >select_network 2  (optional, remember, if you are connecting with another AP, you should select it to disable the another)
   >enable_network 2
   

4. 生效

   pi@raspberrypi:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
   pi@raspberrypi:~$ sudo service networking restart  #跟上面行的作用一样。
   pi@raspberrypi:~$ sudo ifdown wlan0   #有时需要执行 或者 下一行命令才能发生作用。
   pi@raspberrypi:~$ sudo ifup wlan0        #建议尝试本条命令
   pi@raspberrypi:~$ wpa_cli status      #查看连接状态

方法三、 新刷系统WiFi连接设置

用户可以在未启动树莓派的状态下单独修改 /boot/wpa_supplicant.conf 文件配置 WiFi 的 SSID 和密码，这样树莓派启动后会自行读取 wpa_supplicant.conf 配置文件连接 WiFi 设备。

country=CN
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1

network={
ssid="AlexLam"
psk="123456"
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
priority=3
}

network={
ssid="CMCC-KHLK"
psk="123456"
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
priority=2
}

network={
ssid="360WiFi-AlexLin"
psk="123456"
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
priority=1
}

解说

• ssid:网络的ssid
• psk:密码
• priority:连接优先级，数字越大优先级越高（不可以是负数）
• scan_ssid:连接隐藏WiFi时需要指定该值为1

如果你的 WiFi 没有密码

network={
ssid="你的无线网络名称（ssid）
"key_mgmt=NONE
}

如果你的 WiFi 使用WEP加密

network={
ssid="你的无线网络名称（ssid）"
key_mgmt=NONEwep_key0="你的wifi密码"
}

如果你的 WiFi 使用WPA/WPA2加密

network={
ssid="你的无线网络名称（ssid）"
key_mgmt=WPA-PSKpsk="你的wifi密码"
}

切换国内源

查看自己的版本类型

    pi@raspberrypi:~$ lsb_release -a
    No LSB modules are available.
    Distributor ID: Raspbian
    Description:    Raspbian GNU/Linux 9.4 (stretch)
    Release:        9.4
    Codename:       stretch

修改配置

需要修改的地方有两处

    /etc/apt/sources.list
    /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list

/etc/apt/sources.list

#deb http://raspbian.raspberrypi.org/raspbian/ stretch main contrib non-free rpi
# Uncomment line below then 'apt-get update' to enable 'apt-get source'
#deb-src http://raspbian.raspberrypi.org/raspbian/ stretch main contrib non-freee rpi
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/raspbian/raspbian/ stretch main contrib non-free rpi

/etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list

#deb http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/ stretch main ui
# Uncomment line below then 'apt-get update' to enable 'apt-get source'
#deb-src http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/ stretch main ui
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archive.raspberrypi.org/ stretch main ui
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archive.raspberrypi.org/ stretch main ui

更新

  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get upgrade

samba

---

安装

sudo apt-get install samba

过程日志

pi@raspberrypi:~$ sudo apt-get install samba
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  attr libaio1 libfile-copy-recursive-perl python-dnspython python-ldb
  python-samba python-tdb samba-common-bin samba-dsdb-modules
  samba-vfs-modules tdb-tools update-inetd
Suggested packages:
  python-gpgme bind9 bind9utils ctdb ldb-tools ntp | chrony smbldap-tools
  winbind ufw heimdal-clients
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  attr libaio1 libfile-copy-recursive-perl python-dnspython python-ldb
  python-samba python-tdb samba samba-common-bin samba-dsdb-modules
  samba-vfs-modules tdb-tools update-inetd
0 upgraded, 13 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 3,208 kB/3,473 kB of archives.
After this operation, 23.7 MB of additional disk space will be used.
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Get:1 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/raspbian/raspbian stretch/main armhf python-samba armhf 2:4.5.12+dfsg-2+deb9u3 [1,143 kB]
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pi@raspberrypi:~$

配置

sudo vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

在最后面添加以下内容

[public]
   comment = public storage
   path = /home/pi/workdir
   valid users = pi
   read only = no
   create mask = 0777
   directory mask = 0777
   guest ok = no
   browseable = yes

参数说明：

• comment：共享文件夹说明
• path：共享文件夹目录
• valid users：有效用户
• read only：是否只读
• create mask：创建文件的权限
• directory mask：创建文件夹的权限
• guest ok：是否允许访客访问
• browseable：是否可见

其中 valid users 即 pi 为有效用户，还需要添加其到 Samba 中，命令行执行：

sudo smbpasswd -a pi

重启 samba 以生效配置，命令行执行：

sudo samba restart

注：Samba 默认开机自启，无需为重启担心。

设置文件权限
在 Samba 配置文件设置权限后，还需在系统中将共享文件夹的权限设置为同配置文件中相同的权限，以确保其他用户正常访问及修改文件夹内容，命令行执行：

sudo chmod -R 777 /mnt/udisk

其他指令设置

pdbedit –a username：新建Samba账户。
pdbedit –x username：删除Samba账户。
pdbedit –L：列出Samba用户列表，读取passdb.tdb数据库文件。
pdbedit –Lv：列出Samba用户列表的详细信息。
pdbedit –c “[D]” –u username：暂停该Samba用户的账号。
pdbedit –c “[]” –u username：恢复该Samba用户的账号。
# 启动服务
/etc/init.d/smb start
/etc/init.d/smb start
# 开机自启动
chkconfig  smb on
chkconfig nmb on
# 查看开启的端口
netstat -nlutp |grep mbd

访问共享文件

Windows：
在资源管理器地址栏输入：\\\\192.168.1.37\\public，其中 192.168.1.37 替换为你树莓派的 IP 地址即可。

macOS：
打开 FInder，之后使用快捷键 cmd+k，服务器地址中填写smb://192.168.1.37/public，其中 192.168.1.37 替换为你树莓派的 IP 地址，之后点击连接即可。

外设相关

GPIO映射